![]() In the outside plant (OSP) PLC splitter are mostly used in passive optical networks (PONs) for fiber-to-the-user (FTTx) networks, and often they are overlooked as failure points. In this article, you will get to know some basics of their applications, typical causes of failures, optical splitters, and how to test and troubleshoot them. In FTTx installations there are 2 types of optical splitters used: • Fused Biconical Tapered (FBT) • Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC) Both these types are integrated into modules which they can install according to a strategy into pedestals, panels; splice closures that are located throughout the physical plant. Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) Splitters We can easily identify potential intrinsic problems that can occur by understanding the types of optical splitters and the way they are manufactured. By heating 2 optical fibers the fabrication of the FBT splitter is performed and they are heated until they coalesce into a composite waveguiding structure. During heating, the fibers are slowly stretched and tapered. Light is launched into the input fibers during this process whereas a process control computer monitors the outputs and it adjusts fusion temperature and duration and pulls tension. By doing this you can achieve the desired coupling ratio between fibers is achieved. In small split counts, FBT splitters are normally used. In a protective enclosure, the completed coupler is sealed, which consists of a metal tube that is placed around the fused section of bare fibers, and with the help of an adhesive, it is held in place. Through the ends of the package, there is an extension of 250- or 900-micron-coated fiber pigtails. After testing all the fiber splitter, during the fiber preparation stage in case you encounter a micro crack then it may pass through the optical testing stages yet may fracture later because of environmental thermal stresses. In fiber optic systems and test equipment, optical splitters have been used for decades. They offer outstanding reliability still failures can occur. It is necessary that from reputable suppliers you purchase your splitters because they have extensive quality control procedures that are needed to verify performance during the manufacturing stages so that you can minimize future problems. main source: fibermarts.wordpress.com/
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